Laws of Refraction
Laws of Refraction
The way a ray of light refracts when it is incident on the surface separating two media depends not only on the refractive indices of the media but also on the angle of incidence.
In the given figure there are two mediums : Air and Water. Let their refractive indices be and
respectively. The two media can be any pair such as air and water, or air and glass. Suppose a ray of light called as incident ray traveling in medium air, is incident on the surface of water body . Draw a normal to the surface at the point of incidence of incident ray.
The formed between the incident ray and the normal is called the angle of incidence
.
The between the refracted ray and the normal is called the angle of refraction
.
The ray of light inside the medium is called as refracted ray.
Laws Of Refraction:
Two laws of refraction governs the refraction that takes place at a surface of separation.
1. The incident ray, the normal and the refracted ray to the refracting surface at the point of incidence lie in the same plane.
2. The angle of incidence and the angle of refraction satisfy the equation
The second law given above is also called Snells law.
Illustration: A ray of light traveling in air falls on the surface of a material. The ray makes an angle of 450 with the normal to the surface. Find the angle made by the refracted ray with the normal in the material. Refractive index of the material is .
Solution: Since the ray makes angle of 450 with the normal, So angle of incidence is
The ray is traveling in air and the refractive index of air is 1
Which of the following are correct ? (a) The angle formed between the incident ray and the normal is called the angle of incidence . (b) The angle formed between the refracted ray and the normal is called the angle of refraction. (c) The incident ray, the normal and the refracted ray to the refracting surface at the point of incidence lie in the same plane. | |||
| Right Option : D | |||
| View Explanation | |||
If refracted angle is grater then incidence angle, which of the following statements is true ? | |||
| Right Option : B | |||
| View Explanation |
The angle of refraction is the angle that the __________makes with me _____ | |||
| Right Option : D | |||
| View Explanation |
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